👉 Speculative Mathematics (spec math) is a branch of mathematics that explores mathematical structures and concepts that are not necessarily grounded in physical reality but are still rigorously defined and studied for their intrinsic beauty and logical consistency. It often involves abstract entities like infinite sets, complex numbers, and non-standard models of arithmetic, and it seeks to understand the foundational principles that underpin mathematics. Spec math is particularly useful in theoretical computer science, logic, and foundational studies of mathematics, providing insights into the nature of mathematical truth and the limits of formal systems.